Introduction to Chemistry.

Hello my friends this is Prakhar, I m here to help you all in any problem related to chemistry.
So friends let's first study about the Father of Chemistry Antoine Lavoisier.

Antoine Lavoisier

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution; French: [ɑ̃twan lɔʁɑ̃ də lavwazje]; 26 August 1743 – 8 May 1794) was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology. He is widely considered in popular literature as the "father of modern chemistry".

It is generally accepted that Lavoisier's great accomplishments in chemistry largely stem from his changing the science from a qualitative to a quantitative one. Lavoisier is most noted for his discovery of the role oxygen plays in combustion. He recognized and named oxygen (1778) and hydrogen(1783) and opposed the phlogiston theory. Lavoisier helped construct the metric system, wrote the first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature. He predicted the existence of silicon (1787) and was also the first to establish that sulfurwas an element (1777) rather than a compound. He discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same.

Let's study about some general things.

So friends you all know that everywhere we see there is chemistry. Do you ever thought that if somebody ask you that "what is chemistry"?. Then what will be the best answer for this........

 So guys here is the answer....

' Chemistry is the branch of science which deals with the study of properties, composition and structure of matter'.

Also guys there is a very simple question which many of the students couldn't answer it correctly. The question is what is a chemical reaction?. I know friends u all know that what a chemical reaction is, you all will answer that " when two or more chemicals react with each other and forms a new product then it is known as a chemical reaction". But guys this definition is wrong, the correct one is " when any substance undergoes chemical change and forms new substance with new properties then it is known as a chemical reaction".

I know guys you all may be thinking that why this definition is wrong, we all have studied it from 5th standard. Mostly 90% schools are there where the wrong definition of chemical reaction is being told to the students.

Some fun facts about chemistry:

Chemistry is a fascinating science, full of unusual trivia! Here are some fun and interesting chemistry facts for you.

• 1. The only elements that are liquid at room temperature are bromine and mercury. However, you can melt gallium by holding a lump in the warmth of your hand.
• 2. Unlike many substances, water expands as it freezes. An ice cubetakes up about 9% more volume than the water used to make it.
• 3. If you pour a handful of salt into a full glass of water, the water level will actually go down rather than overflowing the glass.
• 4. Many radioactive elements actually do glow in the dark.
• 5. The chemical name for water (H₂O) is dihydrogen monoxide.
• 6. The only letter that doesn't appear on the periodic table is J.
• Lightning strikes produce O₃, which is ozone, and strengthen the ozone layer of the atmosphere.
• 7. The only two non-silvery metals are gold and copper.
• 8. Although oxygen gas is colorless, the liquid and solid forms of oxygen are blue.
• 9. It's possible to die from drinking too much water.
• 10. Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide, CO₂.
• 11. Liquid air has a bluish tint, similar to water.
• 12. You can't freeze helium simply by cooling it to absolute zero. It will freeze if you apply extremely intense pressure.
• 13. By the time you feel thirsty, you've already lost about 1% of your body's water.
• 14. Mars is red because its surface contains a lot of iron oxide or rust.
• 15. Sometimes hot water freezes more quickly than cold water! A high school student documented the effect, which bears his name (the Mpemba effect).

Chemistry is a big part of your everyday life. You find chemistry in daily life in the foods you eat, the air you breathe, cleaning chemicals, your emotions and literally every object you can see or touch. Here's a look at some examples of everyday chemistry. Some common chemistry may be obvious, but others might surprise you.

1. The emotions that you feel are a result of chemical messengers, primarily neurotransmitters. Love, jealousy, envy, infatuation, and infidelity all share a basis in chemistry.

2. Soap is a chemical that mankind has been making for a very long time. You can form a crude soap by mixing ashes and animal fat. How can something so nasty actually make you cleaner? The answer has to do with the way soap interacts with oil-based grease and grime.